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稻褐飞虱(BPH,Nilaparvatalugens St(a)l)是中国和世界稻区最严重的水稻害虫之一,发现和利用新抗性基因和进行抗性种质创新对于稻褐飞虱抗性品种的培育具有重要的意义.本研究进行了1 200多份普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon Griff)种质对多种BPH生物型的抗性鉴定,获得了30份抗性资源,其中6份对分布于世界主要稻区的稻褐飞虱生物型1和2、孟加拉、湄公河(越南)、九龙江(越南)、潘特纳加(印度)等6种生物型或其中5种具有广谱高抗性.遗传分析证明了这些种质对BPH生物型2和九龙江生物型的抗性受2对重复作用隐性基因控制,对潘特纳加生物型的抗性受1对隐性基因控制,表明抗源对不同褐飞虱生物型具有不同的遗传机制.普通野生稻材料2183存在的2对隐性基因很可能是新发现的基因,因为在这些染色体区域还没报道有BPH抗性基因,这两对基因暂命名为bph18(t)和bph19(t).研究总共培育出143份抗性创新种质和6份抗性品系或高产优质杂交水稻组合,这些优良的抗性创新种质为培育抗性新品种建立了坚实的基础.“,”Brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens Stal) is one of the most serious rice insect pests in China and the world. Exploiting new resistance genes and breeding advanced genetic stocks are important for breeding resistance varieties. In this study, more than 1 200 accessions of common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.), were evaluated for the resistance to several biotypes of BPH. 30 resistant accessions were obtained and 6 of them showed broad spectrum resistance to 5 or all of the 6 BPH biotypes, i.e. biotypes 1 and 2, Bangladesh, Mekong (Vietnam), Cuulong (Vietnam) and Pantnagar (India), which are spreading most rice growing regions in the world.Genetic analysis was turned out that the BPH resistance in these stocks was controlled by two pairs of recessive genes with duplicate interaction against biotypes 2 and Cuulong, but the resistance to the biotype Pantnagar was controlled by one pair of recessive gene. This indicated different genetic mechanism of reaction against BPH biotypes in the resistant sources. The two recessive genes existing in the entry 2183 might be new discovered genes as no BPH resistance gene has been reported in these chromosome regions. They were tentatively designated as bph18 (t) and bph19 (t), respectively. A total of 143 entries of advanced genetic stocks resistant to BPH and6promising resistance lines or hybrid combinations with high yield or good quality were bred. These resistant advanced genetic stocks set a solid foundation for breeding new resistance varieties.