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为了验证星载激光三维成像雷达技术,设计研制了一种基于高重频光子计数体制的分视场、无扫描的多通道激光雷达地面原理样机。系统采用两路高重频、微脉冲激光器输出,结合大光斑多元细分阵列光子探测方式实现多通道探测,并采取基于FPGA的时间相关符合计数信号处理技术,对单光子响应时刻进行时间间隔测量和时间相关统计,根据目标响应发生时机一致性和噪声响应的随机性提取目标距离信息。在外场试验中对水平距离大于10 km的楼宇目标进行了有效地测量,单通道的距离测量精度优于0.3 m,探测概率超过99%,并对比不同大气能见度下对测距的影响。该系统验证了星载激光雷达大光斑多元细分、光纤拼接焦面接收方案的可能性,并验证光子计数体制激光雷达测距精度及适应性。
In order to verify the spaceborne laser three-dimensional imaging radar technology, a ground-view prototype of multi-channel laser radar based on high-repetition photon counting system was designed and developed. The system uses two channels of high repetition rate and micro-pulse laser output, combined with large spot multi-element array photon detection method to achieve multi-channel detection, and time-related coincidence counting signal processing technology based on FPGA, the single-photon response time measurement interval And time-related statistics, the target distance information is extracted according to the randomness of the timing consistency of the target response and the noise response. In the outfield test, the targets of buildings whose horizontal distance is more than 10 km are measured effectively. The accuracy of single-channel distance measurement is better than 0.3 m and the probing probability is over 99%. The influence of different atmospheric visibility on distance measurement is compared. The system verifies the possibility of multi-subdivision of large laser spot radar lid and optical splice focal plane receiving scheme and verifies the accuracy and adaptability of laser radar ranging by photon counting system.