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根据前文＊分析结果,水稻的幼穗形成期,尤其是孕穗期(本文主要指小胞子初期,下同)遭受低温的危害,水稻结实率降低,在临界温度以下,温度愈低,持续天数愈长,结实率愈低。影响粒重高低的主要气象因子是抽穗后40天的平均温度和秋霜早迟。抽穗后40天气温较高,秋霜来得迟,千粒重较高;反之,气温较低,秋霜来的早,千粒重较低。根据上述分析,在安全抽穗期以内抽穗的,孕穗期遭受低温危害的机率应该最小,能够避免或减轻后期低温和霜冻的影响,保持粒重的相对稳定,使水稻稳产高产建立在比较可靠的基础上。此外,安全抽穗期的确定,对育种、引种、改革耕作制度、确定育秧适期等亦有一定意义。
According to the results of the previous analysis, panicle formation in rice, especially in the booting stage (this article mainly refers to the early stage of small cells, the same below) suffer from low temperature damage, rice seed setting rate below the critical temperature, the lower the temperature, the longer the number of days Long, low seed rate. The main meteorological factors influencing grain weight are the average temperature of 40 days after heading and the late fall of autumn. 40 days after heading, the temperature is higher, autumn frost comes later and the grain weight is higher; on the contrary, the temperature is lower, autumn frost comes earlier and the grain weight is lower. According to the above analysis, heading within the safe heading stage, the risk of booting at low temperatures should be minimal, to avoid or reduce the impact of late low temperature and frost, to maintain the relative stability of grain weight, so that high and stable yield of rice based on a more reliable on. In addition, the determination of safe heading date is also of some significance for breeding, introducing, reforming the farming system and determining the appropriate period of seedling raising.