目的评价呼吸机在手术后并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析42例手术后并发ARDS且应用呼吸机治疗患者的临床资料。结果ARDS发生时间为术后16h～8d;8例仅应用面罩通气,4～13(6.3±0.7)d痊愈出院;15例因面罩通气疗效欠佳而改气管插管或切开有创通气,呼吸机使用6～17(9.3±0.7)d,3例死于多器官功能障碍综合征;19例早期即有创通气者,呼吸机使用3～8(5.1±0.4)d,均痊愈出院。结论早期即进行有创机械通气治疗可显著缩短呼吸机使用时间,提高治愈率。 Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of ventilator on postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods A retrospective analysis of 42 patients with ARDS after surgery and the application of ventilator in patients with clinical data. Results The time of ARDS was 16h-8d after operation. Only 8 patients were treated with mask ventilation and were discharged after 4 ~ 13 (6.3 ± 0.7) days. Fifteen patients underwent masks ventilation ineffective and intubated with invasive ventilation or invasive ventilation. Ventilator use 6 ~ 17 (9.3 ± 0.7) d, 3 patients died of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; 19 patients had early invasive ventilation, ventilator use 3 ~ 8 (5.1 ± 0.4) d, were cured and discharged. Conclusion Early invasive mechanical ventilation can significantly shorten the use of ventilator time and improve the cure rate.