消毒是饮用水处理中最重要的环节之一,消毒的主要作用是杀灭可引起霍乱、伤寒、痢疾等疾病的细菌.对于饮用水,曾广泛采用液氯进行消毒.但20世纪70年代以来,人们发现用液氯消毒会使水中所含的食物残渣和浮游生物等多种有机物发生变化,生成对人体有害的卤代烃(如三氯甲烷CHCl_3等).这些卤代烃中很多是有毒的,有的还可能具有致癌和致畸作用.因此,近年来人们又 Disinfection is one of the most important aspects of drinking water treatment. The main role of disinfection is to kill bacteria that can cause cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery and other diseases. For drinking water, liquid chlorine has been widely used for disinfection. However, since the 1970s, People found that disinfection with liquid chlorine caused changes in food residues, plankton, and other organic matter contained in the water, resulting in halogenated hydrocarbons that are harmful to the human body (such as trichloromethane CHCl_3, etc.). Many of these halogenated hydrocarbons are toxic , and some may also have carcinogenic and teratogenic effects. Therefore, in recent years, people