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目的:探讨海口地区热带植物花粉中致敏花粉的种类,提高对热带地区花粉特异性症的诊断水平。方法:①在野外植物调查中,选择分布广、数量多、花粉量大的热带植物20种,鉴定科、属、种,盛花期采集花粉,由北京协和医院诊断试剂厂按照临床应用标准制成变应原。②2003年5月~2004年8月在我科就诊的变应性鼻炎、慢性荨麻疹、过敏性结膜炎、过敏性哮喘、过敏性咳嗽患者中,随机选用同意皮肤试验者500例,进行皮肤点刺试验和皮内试验,观察其致敏性。结果:20种热带植物花粉变应原临床皮肤过筛试验表明:5种花粉变应原阳性率超过50%;6种花粉变应原阳性率为40%~49%;3种花粉变应原阳性率为30%~39%;4种花粉变应原阳性率为20%~29%;2种花粉变应原阳性率为10%~20%。结论:在热带地区进行植物调查,采集花粉制作变应原,通过临床皮肤过筛试验探明其致敏性,不但增加了热带花粉变应原品种,而且提高了对热带地区花粉症的特异性诊断水平。
Objective: To explore the species of pollens pollens in tropical plants in Haikou region and to improve the diagnosis of pollen-specific diseases in the tropics. Methods: ①In the investigation of wild plants, 20 species of tropical plants with wide distribution, large quantity and large amount of pollen were selected. The pollen samples were collected from families, genera and species in full bloom and were made according to the clinical application standard by Beijing Union Medical College Diagnostic Reagent Factory Allergens. ② In May 2003 ~ August 2004 in our department for treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic asthma, allergic cough, randomly selected consent skin test in 500 cases, the skin point Prick test and intradermal test to observe its sensitization. Results: The clinical skin screening tests of 20 tropical plant pollen allergens showed that the positive rates of the five pollen allergens were over 50%; the positive rates of the six pollen allergens were 40% -49%; the three pollen allergens The positive rate was 30% -39%. The positive rates of the four pollen allergens were 20% -29%. The positive rates of the two pollen allergens were 10% -20%. CONCLUSIONS: Plant surveys in the tropics, the collection of pollen to make allergens, and the sensitization of the allergens through clinical skin screening tests have not only increased the tropical pollen allergen variety but also increased the specificity for hay fever in the tropics Diagnostic level.