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柴油机热效率可达40％,但由于我国柴油机设计、制造、使用的水平落后,其燃油消耗率与国外先进水平比较相差8％左右。如何提高柴油机的经济性、减少燃油消耗,从能量转换角度可以从以下方面着手解决：提高可燃混合气质量,完善柴油燃烧过程；减少排气、冷却介质带走的热量；提高柴油机机械效率,减少其自身的功耗；将废气余热回收再利用。
Diesel engine thermal efficiency up to 40%, but because of China’s diesel engine design, manufacture, use of the level of backward, the fuel consumption rate compared with foreign advanced level of about 8% difference. How to improve the economy of the diesel engine and reduce the fuel consumption can be solved from the energy conversion point of view: improving the quality of the combustible mixture, improving the combustion process of the diesel fuel, reducing the heat removed from the exhaust gas and the cooling medium, improving the mechanical efficiency of the diesel engine and reducing Its own power consumption; waste heat recovery and reuse.