论文部分内容阅读
真核细胞有两个主要的组成部分:细胞核和细胞质。细胞学家和细胞生物学家一直在努力探讨这两个组成部分的独立活性及其相互作用。最初应用显微操作将细胞核从完整的甲细胞取出,再移植到已去核的乙细胞中,或者研究去核细胞质的行为和特性[1]。但是这种方法观察的细胞数少,容易给细胞造成不可弥补的损伤。1967年Carter发现细胞松弛素B(Cytochalasin B,简称CB),可使少数培养的L细胞自发地脱核[2]。此项工作已为许多研究者证实[3～7]。1972年Prescott等人应用CB处理细胞,并辅以高速离心,可使95％以上的体外培养细胞脱去细胞核[4]。从而形成一种新的体外培养细胞的去核技术。此种无核细胞可做为一种工具,用以研究无核条件下细胞质大分子的稳定性,核,质相互作用关系,以及特定细胞功能的控制和表达等。这种技术也可研究病毒在细胞中的复制过程、病毒与细胞相互作用关系等问题。
Eukaryotic cells have two main components: the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Cytologists and cell biologists have been striving to explore the independent activities and interactions of these two components. Initially, micromanipulation was used to remove nuclei from intact ameloblastoma cells, transplanted into enucleated B cells, or to study the behavior and properties of enucleated cytoplasm [1]. However, this method observed a small number of cells, easy to cause irreparable damage to cells. In 1967 Carter found Cytochalasin B (CB), can make a small number of cultured L cells spontaneously de-nuclear [2]. This work has been confirmed by many researchers [3-7]. In 1972, Prescott et al. Used CB to treat cells and assisted by high-speed centrifugation, more than 95% of in vitro cultured cells could be decellularized [4]. Thus forming a new enucleation technique for culturing cells in vitro. Such non-nuclear cells can be used as a tool to study the stability of nuclear cytoplasmic macromolecules under nuclear-free conditions, the relationship between nuclear and mass interactions, and the control and expression of specific cell functions. This technique can also study the virus replication process in cells, virus and cell interactions and other issues.