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目的探讨孕酮对子宫巨噬细胞数量及其膜受体CD14、CD204表达的影响,以及孕酮和巨噬细胞在子宫局部免疫中的作用。方法 1.25只正常非孕鼠随机分为空白对照组、阴性对照组和低、中、高3个不同浓度孕酮处理实验组,每组5只。低、中、高浓度实验组每天分别皮下注射0.4mg、2.0mg、4.0mg孕酮,阴性对照组注射等体积芝麻油,连续注射5d;空白对照组不做任何处理。2.孕4d和5d小鼠各15只,分别随机分为空白对照组、阴性对照组和实验组,每组5只。实验组分别于当天早晨皮下注射4mg孕酮,阴性对照组注射等体积芝麻油,空白对照组不做任何处理。以上各组均于末次注射后6h取子宫,通过非特异性酯酶(α-NAE)染色和免疫组织化学检测子宫α-NAE+、CD14+、CD204+巨噬细胞的变化。结果与对照组相比,注射孕酮后,非孕鼠子宫内膜、肌层和外膜的α-NAE+及CD14+巨噬细胞极显著减少(P<0.01),并与剂量呈正相关,但未检测到CD204+巨噬细胞;孕4d、5d小鼠子宫α-NAE+、CD14+、CD204+巨噬细胞均显著增多(P<0.01)。结论孕酮可通过调节巨噬细胞数量、分布及膜受体的表达影响子宫局部免疫状态,替代途径活化的巨噬细胞可能介导了妊娠期母胎免疫耐受的维持。
Objective To investigate the effects of progesterone on the number of uterine macrophages and the expression of membrane receptor CD14 and CD204 and the effect of progesterone and macrophage on the local uterine immunity. Methods One hundred and twenty-five normal non-pregnant rats were randomly divided into blank control group, negative control group and low, medium and high concentrations of progesterone treatment group of 5 different concentrations. Low, medium and high concentrations of experimental group were subcutaneously injected with 0.4mg, 2.0mg, 4.0mg progesterone subcutaneously every day. The negative control group was injected with equal volume of sesame oil for 5 days. The blank control group did not do any treatment. Pregnant 4d and 5d mice each 15, were randomly divided into blank control group, negative control group and experimental group, 5 in each group. In the experimental group, 4 mg of progesterone was injected subcutaneously on the morning of the same day respectively. The negative control group was injected with the same volume of sesame oil without any treatment in the blank control group. The uteri of the above groups were taken at 6h after the last injection, and the changes of uterine α-NAE +, CD14 + and CD204 + macrophages were detected by non-specific esterase (α-NAE) staining and immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of α-NAE + and CD14 + macrophages in the endometrium, myometrium and adventitia were significantly decreased (P <0.01) after injection of progesterone, and were positively correlated with the dose but not The levels of α-NAE +, CD14 + and CD204 + macrophages in uterus of pregnant mice on day 4 and 5 were significantly increased (P <0.01). Conclusion Progesterone can affect the local immune status of uterus by regulating the number and distribution of macrophages and the expression of membrane receptors. The alternative macrophages may mediate the maintenance of immunologic tolerance of pregnant women during pregnancy.