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目的回顾性观察2008年10月-2009年10月干扰素在狂犬病预防中的作用。方法观察组全疗程注射狂犬疫苗,同时首剂疫苗注射时加用α-2b干扰素200万IU伤口局部封闭注射,300万IU肌肉注射,对照组单用狂犬疫苗或狂犬疫苗加狂犬病免疫球蛋白。比较三组人均治疗费用。追踪回访各组预防处理后第45 d狂犬病抗体阳性率及12个月内狂犬病发病数。结果第45 d查狂犬病抗体,使用干扰素组抗体阳性率94.1%,单用狂犬疫苗组抗体阳性率89.0%,狂犬疫苗加狂犬病免疫球蛋白组抗体阳性率94.8%,干扰素联合狂犬疫苗组抗体阳性率显著高于单用狂犬疫苗组(χ2=40.33,P<0.01),与狂犬疫苗加狂犬病免疫球蛋白组差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.811,P>0.05)。干扰素加狂犬疫苗组及狂犬疫苗加狂犬免疫球蛋白组狂犬病发病率显著低于单用狂犬疫苗组(χ2=7.301,P<0.01)。三组进行人均价格比较,观察组费用稍高于单用狂犬疫苗组,明显低于狂犬疫苗加狂犬病免疫球蛋白组。结论干扰素联合狂犬疫苗在狂犬病的预防中可以增加抗体阳性率,减低狂犬病发生率,且费用明显低于狂犬疫苗加狂犬病免疫球蛋白组。
Objective To review the role of interferon in rabies prevention from October 2008 to October 2009. Methods The rabies vaccine was injected through the whole course of the observation group. Local injection of 2 million interferon α-2b interferon and 3 million IU intramuscular injection of the first dose of the vaccine were injected. In the control group rabies vaccine alone or rabies vaccine plus rabies immunoglobulin . Compare the three groups per capita treatment costs. The positive rates of rabies antibody and the incidence of rabies in the first 12 days after 45 days of follow-up were observed. Results The positive rate of antibody to rabies was 94.1% on the 45th day, the positive rate of antibody on rabies vaccine alone was 89.0%, the rabies vaccine plus rabies immunoglobulin antibody was 94.8%, the antibody against rabies and interferon combined rabies vaccine The positive rate was significantly higher than rabies vaccine alone (χ2 = 40.33, P <0.01), and rabies vaccine rabies immunoglobulin group was no significant difference (χ2 = 0.811, P> 0.05). The incidence of rabies in rabies vaccine and rabies vaccine plus rabies immunoglobulin group was significantly lower than that in rabies vaccine alone group (χ2 = 7.301, P <0.01). Three groups of per capita price comparison, the observation group costs slightly higher than rabies vaccine group was significantly lower than the rabies vaccine plus rabies immunoglobulin group. Conclusion Interferon combined with rabies vaccine can increase the antibody positive rate and reduce the incidence of rabies in rabies, and the cost is obviously lower than rabies vaccine plus rabies immunoglobulin group.