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雪胆,云南民间原称之为曲莲或罗锅底,是葫芦科植物可爱雪胆(Hemsleya ambilis Diels.),大籽雪胆(Hemsleya macrosperma C.Y.Wu)或其同属植物的干燥块根,少数民族用于治疗胃病和菌痢。近年来,国内云南、四川等药物研究单位对该属植物研究颇多。从雪胆中提得有效成份雪胆皂甙,系以齐墩果酸(Oleanolic acid)为甙元的皂甙。另外,分离得葫芦素类(Cucurbitacins)的四环三萜苦味素雪胆素(系雪胆素甲和乙的混合结晶),经临床研究确证具有清热解毒,抗菌消炎的作用。用于治疗菌痢,肠炎,支气管炎,急性扁桃体炎等疗效显著。雪胆素已收载于中华人民共和国药典。
Snow gall, originally known in Yunnan as Qulian or Luoguodi, is a dry tuber of Hesleya ambilis Diels, Hemsleya macrosperma CYWu or its genus. It is used for ethnic minorities. For the treatment of stomach diseases and dysentery. In recent years, domestic pharmaceutical research institutes in Yunnan and Sichuan have studied a large number of plants. The effective ingredient of shiglow saponin was extracted from Xuedan, which is a saponin with Oleanolic acid as the aglycon. In addition, the tetracyclic triterpene bittersin (Cytocholin A and B mixed crystals) isolated from cucurbitacins (Cucurbitacins) was confirmed by clinical studies to have the effects of detoxification, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. For the treatment of dysentery, enteritis, bronchitis, acute tonsillitis and other significant effect. Snow caprine has been included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China.