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口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)和脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗(IPV)在消灭脊髓灰质炎的过程中发挥了极大的作用。在全球消灭脊髓灰质炎的关键时刻以及在后脊髓灰质炎时代,更需要价格低廉且安全性好的IPV,以减毒Sabin株制备的IPV应运而生。目前全球已有4个国家的研究机构研制的Sabin株脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗或百日咳-白喉-破伤风-Sabin株脊髓灰质炎联合疫苗完成或进入到临床试验阶段。而最近中国医学科学院医学生物学研究所研发的Sabin株脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗已完成生产注册申请,这将对我国乃至全球、特别是发展中国家消灭脊髓灰质炎病毒发挥至关重要的作用。本文主要以Sabin株脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗的临床试验研究最新进展做一综述。
Oral poliovirus live attenuated vaccine (OPV) and poliomyelitis inactivated vaccine (IPV) have played a significant role in the eradication of poliomyelitis. At the critical moment of poliomyelitis eradication worldwide and in the post-polio era, more affordable and safe IPVs are needed and IPVs prepared from attenuated Sabin strains are emerging. So far, Sabin poliovirus inactivated vaccine or pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus-Sabin polio vaccine has been developed or entered into clinical trials in four countries. Recently, the Sabin polio inactivated vaccine developed by the Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences has completed the application for registration of production, which will play a crucial role in eradicating the poliovirus in our country and even the developing countries in general. This article mainly reviews the recent progress in the clinical trial of Sabin polio inactivated vaccine.