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腋淋巴结的性质是乳腺癌患者临床诊疗方案选择的重要依据,也是重要的预后指标。研究显示,腋淋巴结清扫术给患者带来许多并发症,因此对淋巴结的性质进行术前评估非常有必要。近年来,超声技术不断发展,高频高分辨率超声已成为临床评估淋巴结性质的首选手段。本文分别对二维灰阶超声、彩色多普勒超声、声弹性成像及超声造影成像技术进行详细阐述,将超声在淋巴结性质诊断方面的理论研究及应用进展进行综述,为淋巴结性质鉴别及临床诊断提供理论依据。
The nature of axillary lymph nodes is an important basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment options for patients with breast cancer and is also an important prognostic indicator. Studies have shown that axillary lymph node dissection to patients with many complications, so the nature of the lymph node assessment is necessary. In recent years, the continuous development of ultrasound technology, high-frequency high-resolution ultrasound has become the preferred means of clinical evaluation of lymph node nature. In this paper, two-dimensional gray-scale ultrasound, color Doppler ultrasound, acoustic elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging were described in detail. The theoretical study and application progress of ultrasound in the diagnosis of lymph nodes were reviewed. The characteristics of lymph nodes and clinical diagnosis Provide a theoretical basis.