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以5个水稻品种为材料,在水稻幼穗分化的苞分化期(T1)、枝梗分化期(T2)、颖花分化期(T3)、花粉母细胞形成及减数分裂期(T4)和花粉充实完成期(T5)分别喷施低浓度(C1:0.005mg/L)、中浓度(C2:0.010mg/L)和高浓度(C3:0.015mg/L)的表油菜素内酯(epi-Brassinosteroid,简写为epi-BR),研究其对水稻穗部性状的影响。结果表明,喷施不同浓度的epi-BR后,穗长和穗粒数均显著高于对照(CK),穗长不同浓度epi-BR处理间差异不显著,穗粒数C2、C3处理间差异显著。施用不同浓度的epi-BR对一次枝梗结实率的影响未达显著水平,但中浓度的epi-BR可显著提高二次枝梗结实率,进而显著提高整穗的结实率。喷施epi-BR可显著降低千粒重(包括一次枝梗和二次枝梗千粒重),且epi-BR浓度越高,降低千粒重的效果越明显。喷施epi-BR可显著降低着粒密度,且低浓度epi-BR和中浓度epi-BR的降低效果比高浓度epi-BR更为明显。在幼穗分化的不同时期喷施epi-BR后对穗长的促进效果T4>T1>T5>T3>T2,对穗粒数的促进效果T1>T3>T2>T4>T5,对结实率的促进效果以T4时期施用最为明显,对枝梗数和千粒重性状的影响不同施用时期间差异不大,施用时期越延后降低着粒密度的效果越明显。epi-BR的施用浓度与施用时期间具有互作效应,本研究针对不同穗部性状的调控效果,确定了效应最大时的施用浓度与施用时期组合。
Five rice cultivars were used as materials in the differentiation of panicle (T1), branch differentiation stage (T2), spikelet differentiation stage (T3), pollen mother cell formation and meiosis stage (T4) The epigenin (epi) of low concentration (C1: 0.005mg / L), medium concentration (C2: 0.010mg / L) and high concentration (C3: 0.015mg / L) Brassinosteroid, abbreviated as epi-BR) to study its effect on rice panicle traits. The results showed that the spike length and number of spikelets per spike were significantly higher than those of the control (CK) after spraying different concentrations of epi-BR. The difference between the treatments of epi-BR with different spike lengths was not significant, Significant. The effect of different concentrations of epi-BR on the seed setting rate of primary branches was not significant. However, the moderate concentration of epi-BR significantly increased the seed setting rate of secondary branches and then significantly increased the seed setting rate of whole grains. Spraying epi-BR significantly reduced the 1000-grain weight (including the primary branch and the secondary branch 1000-grain weight), and the higher the epi-BR concentration, the more obvious the effect of reducing the 1000-grain weight. Spraying epi-BR significantly reduced grain densities, and the reduction effect of epi-BR at low concentration and epi-BR at medium concentration was more obvious than that at high concentration of epi-BR. The promoting effect of spike length of epii-BR on spikelet differentiation at different stages of spike differentiation was T4> T1> T5> T3> T2, and the promoting effect on spike grain number was T1> T3> T2> T4> The promotion effect was the most obvious when applied in T4 period. The effect on the numbers of branches and 1000-grain weight traits was not different during different application periods. The more obvious the effect was, the more delayed the application of grain densities. The application concentration of epi-BR had an interaction effect with the time of application. In this study, the effect of different panicle traits was controlled to determine the combination of application concentration and application period when the effect was greatest.