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农业生产是一个非闭合性的能量转换与物质循环系统,土地生产力的利用和培养是这个系统中极其重要的方面。本文从有机质和养分上阐述海城县农田的用养状况和改进途径。文中对海城县农田肥力、施肥状况及其与粮食产量的关系进行了分析。该县粮食产量的增长与磷肥施用量的增加,趋势基本一致;而与氮肥施用量的增加,前期趋势一致,近三年显得氮肥用量偏高,效益下降,肥料氮磷比仅为1:0.20。同时,该县无机肥料增加得快,有机肥料增加得慢,作物残体返回土壤的量少,以致有机、无机物质返回农田的碳氮比仅为9.46:1。文中列举三个典型大队农田养分的氮磷收支状况。龙凤峪大队农田养分输入全部大于支出,属于地力上升型。东柳大队当年施入的有机态氮、磷全量略高于当年作物吸收量,但施入农田的当年可利用氮量略低于当年的作物吸收量,可属于地力基本保持型。张仙屯大队施入农田的有机肥少,无机肥多,磷少氮多,形成地力衰退,产量不前,可属于地力下降型。
Agricultural production is a non-closed system of energy conversion and material circulation. The utilization and cultivation of land productivity is an extremely important aspect of this system. In this paper, the use of organic matter and nutrients on the farmland in Haicheng County and ways to improve. The paper analyzes the fertility and fertilization of Haicheng County and its relationship with grain yield. The trend of the increase of grain yield in the county is consistent with the increase of the amount of phosphate fertilizer applied. However, with the increase of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied, the tendency of the previous period is the same. In the past three years, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used is higher and the benefit decreased. . At the same time, inorganic fertilizers in the county increased rapidly, organic fertilizers increased slowly, and the amount of crop residues returned to the soil was small, resulting in a C / N ratio of 9.46: 1 for return of organic and inorganic substances to farmland. The article lists three typical brigade farmland nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus balance of payments. Longfeng Valley brigade farmland nutrient input all greater than the expenditure, belong to the ascending type. The total amount of organic nitrogen and phosphorus applied by Dongliu Brigade in that year was slightly higher than the amount of crops absorbed in that year. However, the amount of available nitrogen in that year was slightly lower than that of the year when it was applied to farmland, which could belong to the basic maintenance of soil fertility. Zhang Xian Tun brigade into the farmland less organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, nitrogen and phosphorus less than the formation of land degradation, yield is not, may belong to the decline of the type of force.