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为明确必需元素钙对人参生长的影响,利用水培试验在霍格兰氏营养液基础上,设置3个钙浓度梯度作为处理:分别为0.25(低钙组),4(正常组),16(高钙组)mmol/L,研究钙胁迫下人参生物学特征及其体内生理响应机制。试验结果表明:与正常组相比,低钙处理人参叶片深绿、面积小且皱缩,茎弯曲,根系弱小、侧根少且呈红褐色,高钙组人参叶片黄绿,侧根发达;高钙阻碍了人参叶片叶绿素的合成,提高了叶片光合捕光能力,叶绿素含量为2.692 mg/g,叶绿素a与叶绿素b比值为2.602;低钙破坏了细胞膜透性,增大了人参茎电解质渗透率,其电解质渗透率是正常组的2.1倍,为35.64%;人参根系活力的比较,正常组>高钙组>低钙组(P<0.05)分别为53.94,49.32,42.74μg/(g·h);人参各器官的钙积累随着钙浓度的增加而相应增大,其中人参叶片增加的幅度最大,其钙含量为1.751 mg/g。
In order to clarify the effect of calcium, an essential element, on the growth of ginseng, three calcium concentration gradients were set up on the basis of Hoagland’s nutrient solution by hydroponic experiments: 0.25 (low calcium group), 4 (normal group), 16 (High calcium group) mmol / L, to study the biological characteristics of ginseng under calcium stress and its physiological response mechanism. The results showed that compared with the normal group, the leaves of the low-calcium-treated ginseng were dark green with small area and shrinkage, the stems were curved, the roots were weak, the lateral roots were small and reddish brown, the leaves of the high- Hinder the synthesis of chlorophyll in leaves of ginseng and improve photosynthetic light trapping ability of leaves. The content of chlorophyll is 2.692 mg / g and the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b is 2.602. Low calcium destroys cell membrane permeability, increases the electrolyte permeability of ginseng, The electrolyte permeability was 2.1 times and 35.64% of that in the normal group. The root activity of ginseng was 53.94,49.32 and 42.74μg / (g · h) respectively in the normal group, high calcium group and low calcium group (P <0.05) Ginseng leaves increased with the increase of calcium concentration, and the ginseng leaves had the largest increase with the calcium content of 1.751 mg / g.