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目的:比较同期住院的泌尿系结石患者与非结石患者血清电解质水平及尿pH值和尿比重(specific gravi-ty,SG)的差异。方法:回顾2005年1月至2007年7月间1164位患者的住院资料。其中泌尿系结石(结石组)714例,非结石患者450例作为对照组。入院后次日晨采集外周血及尿液,自动生化仪器检测血清钙、磷、钾、钠、氯、二氧化碳结合力(carbon dioxide combining power,CO2CP)水平以及尿pH值和尿SG,比较两组之间各指标是否存在差异。结果:结石组患者年龄5～87岁,男女比例1.8∶1;对照组患者年龄12～94岁,男女比例3.8∶1。与对照组相比,结石组血清钠、氯、钙及磷水平明显增加,但钾、CO2CP水平明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性结石组血清钠、磷及钙水平明显高于对照组,而血清钾及尿pH水平明显低于对照组;女性结石组各指标与对照组相比差异无统计学意义。Logistic回归分析得出,男性和女性血清Na水平β值分别为0.10(P<0.01)和0.09(P=0.054)。结论:结石组与对照组患者血清电解质水平存在差异,血清钠水平变化可能在泌尿系结石的发病中起一定作用。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the serum electrolytes and urinary pH and specific gravi-ty (SG) in patients with urolithiasis and non-calcific patients hospitalized in the same period. Methods: The hospitalization data of 1164 patients from January 2005 to July 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 714 cases of urolithiasis (stone group) and 450 cases of non-stone patients served as control group. Peripheral blood and urine samples were collected the next morning after admission. The levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chlorine, carbon dioxide combining power (CO2CP), urinary pH and urine SG were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. Whether there are differences between the indicators. Results: The age of the patients in the stone group was 5-87 years old, the ratio of men to women was 1.8:1. The control group patients were 12-94 years old, the ratio of men to women was 3.8:1. Compared with the control group, the levels of serum sodium, chloride, calcium and phosphorus in the stone group increased significantly, but the levels of potassium and CO2CP decreased significantly, with statistical significance (P <0.05). The levels of serum sodium, phosphorus and calcium in male calculus group were significantly higher than those in control group, while the serum potassium and urine pH levels were significantly lower than those in control group. There was no significant difference between female calculus group and control group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the serum beta levels of males and females were 0.10 (P <0.01) and 0.09 (P = 0.054), respectively. Conclusion: The levels of serum electrolytes in the stone group and the control group are different. The change of serum sodium level may play a role in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis.