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为提高在轨微小卫星的使用效能及生存能力,提出一种微小卫星低可观测外形飞行姿态规划算法。根据微小卫星雷达散射截面(RCS)、轨道及雷达威胁特性,建立了可进行长时间内最佳飞行姿态规划的数学模型,设计了低计算复杂度的链表式个体结构及进化规划策略,并实现了算法对高威胁区优化规划的能力。同时,算法低迭代步长下的快速收敛特性以及进化中规划精度及计算量可变的设计,也使其可灵活应用于不同的规划任务。仿真结果表明,算法可有效降低S波段及甚高频(VHF)波段雷达对微小卫星的威胁性,满足微小卫星低可观测外形飞行姿态规划的需求。
In order to improve the using efficiency and survivability of on-orbit micro-satellites, this paper proposes a low profile satellites flight attitude planning algorithm. According to RCS, orbit and radar threat characteristics, a mathematic model can be established for the best flight attitude planning in a long time, and a chain-structured individual structure and evolution planning strategy with low computational complexity is designed and implemented The ability of the algorithm to optimize the planning of high-threat areas. At the same time, the fast convergence property under the low iteration length of the algorithm and the design with evolving planning precision and variable computation volume make it flexible to be used in different planning tasks. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the threat of S-band and VHF band satellites to micro-satellites and meet the needs of the low-profile attitude of micro-satellites.