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目的探讨大学新生的父母教养方式和心理适应性之间的关系,以及应对效能在其中的中介效应。方法选取父母养育方式评价量表、心理适应性量表和应对效能量表对2632名大学新生进行问卷调查。结果①父母积极的教养方式与心理适应性呈显著性正相关(r=0.358,0.263;P<0.01),父母消极的教养方式与心理适应性呈显著性负相关(r=-0.164,-0.157,-0.196,-0.233,-0.156,-0.181,-0.195;P<0.01);②父母积极的教养方式对大学新生心理适应性有直接正效应(t=19.642,14.011;P<0.001),父母消极的教养方式对心理适应性有直接负效应(t=-8.451,-8.112,-9.974,-12.005,-8.012,-9.310,-10.112;P<0.001);③应对效能在父母教养方式与心理适应性之间具有中介效应:父母积极的教养方式通过应对效能对大学新生的心理适应性有间接正效应,父母消极的教养方式通过应对效能对大学新生的心理适应性有间接负效应。结论父母的教养方式不仅可以直接对大学新生的心理适应性造成影响,还通过影响应对效能间接影响大学新生的心理适应性。
Objective To explore the relationship between parental rearing styles and psychological adaptability of college freshmen and their mediating effects. Methods A questionnaire survey of 2632 college freshmen was conducted using the Parental Rearing Inventory Evaluation Scale, Psychological Adaptability Scale and Coping Effectiveness Scale. Results ① There was a significant positive correlation between parental positive parental rearing and psychological adaptability (r = 0.358, 0.263; P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between negative parental rearing patterns and psychological adaptability (r = -0.164, -0.157 , -0.196, -0.233, -0.156, -0.181, -0.195, P <0.01). ②Parents’ positive rearing had a direct positive effect on psychological adaptability of college freshmen (t = 19.642,14.011; P <0.001) Negative parenting has a direct negative effect on psychological adaptability (t = -8.451, -8.112, -9.974, -12.005, -8.012, -9.310, -10.112; P <0.001) There is an intermediary effect between adaptability: parental active parenting has an indirect positive effect on psychological adaptability of freshmen by coping with the effect, and negative parental rearing mode has indirect negative effect on psychological adaptability of freshmen by coping with the effect. Conclusion Parental rearing patterns can not only directly affect the psychological adaptability of freshmen, but also affect the freshmen’s psychological adaptability indirectly by influencing coping efficiency.