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在伏阿·马雷雪夫运输机械制造厂对内燃机车柴油机铸铁曲轴中的残余应力进行了研究。在测量表面残余应力的方法中,切试样法或者“环钻”法由于其简易、通用性好和有足够的精确度而获得最广泛的应用。这种方法的实质就是测定由于切矩形试样或圆柱形试样所产生的弹性变形。矩形试样或者圆柱形试样用机械的、阳极机械或电火花方法截切。变形可以用机械应变仪或者电动应变仪来测定。
Residual stresses in diesel cast iron crankshafts for diesel locomotives were studied at the Vähmar-Malbrecht transport machinery factory. Among the methods of measuring surface residual stress, the cut-sample method or the “crowning” method has the widest range of applications due to its simplicity, good generality and sufficient accuracy. The essence of this method is the determination of the elastic deformation due to the cutting of rectangular or cylindrical specimens. Rectangular or cylindrical specimens are mechanically and anodically or EDM cut. Deformation can be measured using a mechanical strain gauge or an electric strain gauge.