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为探索轴向脉冲磁场对金属射流的作用机理,结合Maxwell方程组,提出了均匀线圈脉冲电流作用下不均匀粗细金属射流磁感应强度、感应电流密度及箍缩电磁力分布的理论模型,建立了线圈与金属射流作用的有限元模型,分析了轴向脉冲磁场对金属射流的作用规律,最后通过模拟试验验证了理论分析和仿真模拟的正确性。结果表明:金属射流表面的感应电流方向与流经线圈的电流方向相反,所受电磁力沿金属射流半径由表面指向中心;由于趋肤效应作用,金属射流磁感应强度、感应电流密度及电磁力均呈现表面大于轴心的趋势;金属射流凸起部分的磁感应强度、感应电流密度及所受电磁力均大于凹陷部分;当电磁力足够大时,能够使得不均匀粗细金属射流的直径差缩小,从而有效延缓金属射流断裂的发展趋势,增加金属射流的有效穿深。上述研究成果对提升金属射流对目标的侵彻穿深能力具有重要指导意义。
In order to explore the action mechanism of axial pulsed magnetic field on metal jet, a theoretical model of magnetic induction intensity, induced current density and electromagnetic force distribution of non-uniform thickness metal jet under uniform coil pulse current was proposed by Maxwell’s equations. And the finite element model of the metal jet, the action law of the axial pulsed magnetic field on the metal jet is analyzed. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the simulation is verified through simulation experiments. The results show that the direction of induced current on the metal jet surface is opposite to the current flowing through the coil, and the electromagnetic force is directed from the surface along the radius of the metal jet. Due to the skin effect, the magnetic flux density, induced current density and electromagnetic force Showing the trend that the surface is larger than the axis; the magnetic induction intensity, the induced current density and the received electromagnetic force of the convex part of the metal jet are larger than the concave part; when the electromagnetic force is large enough, the diameter difference of the uneven metal jet can be reduced, Effectively delaying the development trend of the metal jet fracture and increasing the effective penetration depth of the metal jet. The above research results have an important guiding significance for improving the penetrating ability of metal jet to the target.