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为了解决冬季(5~10℃)低温下牛粪堆肥发酵难以起温和缩短牛粪堆肥发酵周期,采用低温诱导和纤维素酶活对比方法从牛粪堆肥样品中筛选到1株耐低温菌株D4;采用对比试验研究了低温菌株对牛粪堆肥的起温效果,并将低温菌株与筛选到的纤维素酶活高的菌株制备了低温型复合腐熟剂,在有机肥厂测定了低温型复合腐熟剂的堆肥效果。结果表明:筛选到的能够在5~10℃下迅速繁殖的菌株D4,在冬季堆肥发酵中起温到25℃只需24 h。将筛选到的纤维素酶活较高的细菌X2、X3和真菌Z1与低温菌株D4混合制备成低温型复合腐熟剂,该腐熟剂在低温下使牛粪堆肥起温时间加快24 h,提前2 d进入高温期,使用低温型复合腐熟剂的堆肥生产时间比使用市售产品RW促腐剂的堆肥生产时间提前5 d,缩短了堆肥发酵周期。
In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to moderately shorten the fermentation period of cow dung compost fermentation in cow dung composting at low temperature in winter (5 ~ 10 ℃), one low temperature resistant strain D4 was screened from cow dung composting by low temperature induction and cellulase activity comparison. A comparative experiment was carried out to study the effect of low-temperature strain on the composting of cow dung, and the low temperature type compound decomposer was prepared by using the low-temperature strain and the selected strain with high cellulase activity. The effects of low-temperature compound decomposer Compost effect. The results showed that strain D4, which was able to breed rapidly at 5 ~ 10 ℃, was only 24 h when it reached 25 ℃ in winter composting fermentation. The selected high activity of cellulase bacteria X2, X3 and fungi Z1 and low temperature strain D4 mixed preparation of low-temperature compound maturity agent, the maturity of cow manure composting at low temperature warming time accelerated 24 h, early 2 d In the high temperature period, the compost production time using the low-temperature compound maturity agent is 5 days ahead of the compost production time using the commercial product RW retarder, shortening the compost fermentation period.