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为提高无线传感器网络节点定位精度,提出3种基于距离信息的改进定位算法:改进三边测量法、加权最小二乘估计、抗差最小二乘估计。在一定先验假设情况下,对三边测量法以及由其衍生出最小二乘估计进行改进,并将抗差最小二乘估计方法引入到节点定位计算之中。仿真结果表明:3种算法能够有效减少定位误差。抗差最小二乘估计在系统存在粗差情况下效果尤其显著。当系统对能耗要求严格时,可采用改进三边测量法或加权最小二乘估计替代抗差最小二乘估计。
In order to improve the positioning accuracy of wireless sensor networks, three improved localization algorithms based on distance information are proposed: improved trilateration method, weighted least squares estimation and robust least square estimation. Under the certain a priori assumption, the trilateration method and the least-squares estimation derived from it are improved, and the least squares estimation method is introduced into the node localization calculation. Simulation results show that the three algorithms can effectively reduce the positioning error. Robust least-squares estimation is particularly effective in systems with gross errors. When the system requires strict energy consumption, the improved trilateration method or weighted least-squares estimation may be used to replace the robust least-squares estimation.