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麻疹病毒仅 1个血清型 ,但通过对流行株的血凝 (H)蛋白和核 (N)蛋白基因的序列分析 ,至 2 0 0 1年 10月世界卫生组织根据有关资料确认麻疹病毒有 8个基因组 (A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H) ,共 2 0个基因型。其间H蛋白基因和N蛋白基因的核苷酸差异达 7% ,而N基因COOH端的 4 5 0个核苷酸的差异在不同型之间 >12 %。中国流行的麻疹病毒主要为H基因组的H1型 ,是一种新的基因型。目前国内外使用的麻疹疫苗皆为A基因型 ,通过交叉中和试验证实 ,现行的麻疹疫苗免疫后的抗体能中和不同基因型的麻疹病毒流行株 ,但中和抗体滴度略低 ,仍可预防麻疹发生。
Only one serotype of measles virus was detected. However, according to the sequence analysis of the hemagglutinin (H) protein and nuclear (N) protein genes of the epidemic strains, the World Health Organization confirmed the measles virus as of October 2001 by 8 A genome (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H), a total of 20 genotypes. In the meantime, nucleotide differences between the H and N protein genes were 7%, while differences in the 405 nucleotides at the COOH end of the N gene were> 12% between different types. The most common measles virus in China is H1 genotype, which is a new genotype. Measles vaccines currently used both at home and abroad are genotype A confirmed by cross-neutralization test, the current measles vaccine immunized antibodies can neutralize different genotypes of measles virus epidemic strains, but the neutralizing antibody titers slightly lower, still Can prevent measles.