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目的了解农业院校大学生的相对剥夺感状况,为考察弹性心理训练对相对剥夺感大学生的支持与改善效果提供依据。方法使用自编的相对剥夺感量表,对采用分层整群抽样法从某农业院校选取的456名大学生和从江西省2所理工院校选取的308名学生进行比较。筛选出62名相对剥夺感较强的学生,对他们进行弹性心理训练,比较训练前后的效果。结果农业院校与理工院校大学生在家庭质量因子上差异无统计学意义(t=0.82,P>0.05),在个人能力、个人受欢迎、家庭地位及总分差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为5.01,5.29,8.91,5.08,P值均<0.01)。在接受训练后,除个人能力因子(3.56±0.88)外,相对剥夺感量表的个人受欢迎、家庭地位、家庭质量3个因子的得分均在3.50以下,得分分别为(2.97±0.81),(3.39±0.77),(3.29±0.69)分,训练前、后各因子得分差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。训练后,心理韧性量表的坚韧、力量和乐观得分均有所提高,且较训练前差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为5.89,3.66,3.13,P值均<0.01)。结论农业院校大学生的相对剥夺感较强,弹性心理训练具有支持和改善效用。
Objective To understand the relative deprivation of undergraduates in agricultural colleges and universities and to provide basis for examining the support and improving effect of flexible psychological training on relative deprivation of undergraduates. Methods A self-made relative measure of relative deprivation was used to compare 456 college students selected from an agricultural college with stratified cluster sampling and 308 students from two polytechnics in Jiangxi province. Sixty-two students with relatively strong sense of deprivation were screened out, and flexible psychological training was conducted to compare their effects before and after training. Results There was no significant difference in family quality among college students from agricultural colleges and universities of science and technology (t = 0.82, P> 0.05), and there were significant differences in individual ability, personal popularity, family status and total score Values were 5.01,5.29,8.91,5.08, P values were <0.01). After training, scores of personal factors (3.56 ± 0.88), relative popularity, family status and family quality were all below 3.50, with scores of (2.97 ± 0.81) and (3.39 ± 0.77) and (3.29 ± 0.69) respectively. There was significant difference between the scores before and after training (P <0.01). After training, the resilience, strength and optimism scores of the mental resilience scale all improved, and the differences were statistically significant (t = 5.89, 3.66, 3.13 respectively, P <0.01). Conclusions The relative deprivation of college students in agricultural colleges is strong, and flexible psychological training can support and improve their effectiveness.