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诉讼迟延或“积案”是几乎存在于任何国家任何时代的一种令人烦恼的现象。随着我国市场经济的迅速发展,法院所接受的诉讼数量与诉讼类型与日俱增,而现有《民事诉讼法》所设置的诉讼制度已无法满足现实社会对司法的需求。面对堆积如山的存案与长期难以缓解的“案多人少”的矛盾,最高人民法院在借鉴国内外民事审判实践经验的基础上,积极探索改革,并于2011年3月17日正式下发了《关于部分基层人民法院开展小额速裁试点工作的指导意见》的通知。小额诉讼程序通常是指从民事简易程序中分离出来的对诉讼标的额更小的案件所适用的更加简易化的程序。小额诉讼程序的设立旨在克服民事诉讼在效率上的比较劣势。
Delay in litigation or “accumulation of cases ” is a troubling phenomenon that almost exists in any age in any country. With the rapid development of market economy in our country, the number of lawsuits accepted by the courts and the types of litigation are increasing day by day. However, the existing litigation system set forth in the Civil Procedure Law can no longer meet the needs of the real world for the judiciary. In the face of the contradiction between the accumulation of mountains and the long history of “many cases with few persons”, the Supreme People’s Court actively explored the reforms based on the practical experience of civil trials both at home and abroad and formally started the reform on March 17, 2011 A circular was issued on the Guiding Opinions of Some People’s Courts at Grass-root Level on Small-scale Rapid Punishment Pilot Work. Small claims usually refer to the more streamlined procedures that are applied to cases of lesser litigation, separated from cronés. The establishment of the petty proceedings is aimed at overcoming the comparatively ineffectiveness of civil proceedings.