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目的掌握5岁以下儿童死亡情况,为政府制定干预措施提供依据。方法对2000-2009年厦门市灌口镇5岁以下儿童死亡资料进行分析。结果 10年中灌口镇婴儿活产数4 295例,5岁以下儿童死亡76例,死亡率17.69‰,其中新生儿死亡率11.87‰,婴儿死亡率15.83‰;新生儿死亡数占婴儿死亡数的75.0%,占5岁以下儿童死亡数的67.1%;婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡数的89.5%。死因顺位前3位为:出生窒息、意外死亡和早产低体重。儿童死于医院的占71.1%,死于途中17.1%。死于家中11.8%。结论降低新生儿、婴儿死亡率是降低5岁以下儿童死亡的关键。提高孕产妇系统管理、婚前健康检查,提高基层儿科抢救水平和社会健康教育意识,对降低5岁以下儿童死亡有重要作用。
Objective To grasp the death of children under 5 years of age and provide evidence for the government to formulate intervention measures. Methods The death data of children under 5 years old in Guankou Town, Xiamen City from 2000 to 2009 were analyzed. Results In the 10 years, there were 4 295 live births in Guankou Town, 76 deaths of children under 5 years old, the mortality rate was 17.69 ‰, of which the neonatal mortality rate was 11.87 ‰ and the infant mortality rate was 15.83 ‰. The neonatal deaths accounted for the number of infant deaths Accounting for 75.0% of the total, accounting for 67.1% of the total number of children under the age of 5; and infant deaths accounting for 89.5% of the total number of children under 5 years of age. The top three causes of death as follows: birth asphyxia, accidental death and preterm low birth weight. Children died in hospitals accounted for 71.1%, died on the way 17.1%. Died at home 11.8%. Conclusion Reducing neonatal and infant mortality rates is the key to reducing the death of children under five years of age. Improving the maternal system management, premarital health examination, raising the level of pediatric relief and social health education awareness play an important role in reducing the death of children under 5 years of age.