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目的了解深圳市外环境中不同水体军团菌污染和血清型别分布状况。方法利用传统的检验方法与实时荧光PCR技术相结合,对深圳市环境中243份水源进行军团菌的检测,用传统细菌分离培养法分离鉴定,用实时荧光PCR法加以验证。结果共检测环境水源243份,52份水样检出军团菌阳性,其中49份水样为嗜肺军团菌,3份水样为非嗜肺军团菌,军团菌和嗜肺军团菌总检出率分别为21.4%(52/243)和20.2%(49/243);空调系统嗜肺军团菌检出率为25%(29/116),宾馆淋浴热水嗜肺军团菌检出率为23.3%(20/86),二次供水、游泳池水、景观水池水均未检出军团菌。血清型以LP1和LP6为优势菌型,占检出菌的65.3%(32/49)和22.5%(11/49),LP3、LP5、LP6、LP7、LP10均检出1株。结论深圳市环境水源中军团菌污染主要分布于空调冷却塔水和宾馆淋浴热水中,嗜肺军团菌血清型以LP1、LP6为主,相关部门需引起足够重视,防止军团菌病发生。
Objective To understand the contamination and serotype distribution of Legionella in different water bodies in Shenzhen. Methods The traditional test methods were combined with real-time fluorescence PCR to detect Legionella in 243 water sources in Shenzhen. The bacteria were isolated and identified by traditional bacterial isolation and culture methods and verified by real-time PCR. Results A total of 243 environmental water samples were detected and 52 samples were positive for Legionella pneumophila. Among them, 49 samples were Legionella pneumophila, 3 samples were Legionella pneumophila, Legionella pneumophila and Legionella pneumophila were detected The rate of Legionella pneumophila in air-conditioning system was 25% (29/116), and the detection rate of Legionella pneumophila in hotel shower hot water was 23.3 (52/243) and 20.2% (49/243) respectively % (20/86), secondary water supply, swimming pool water, landscape pool water were not detected Legionella. The serotypes were LP1 and LP6, accounting for 65.3% (32/49) and 22.5% (11/49) of the tested strains, respectively, and 1 strain was detected for LP3, LP5, LP6, LP7 and LP10. Conclusion The contamination of Legionella in environmental water sources in Shenzhen is mainly distributed in the air-conditioner cooling tower water and hotel shower hot water. The serotypes of Legionella pneumophila are mainly LP1 and LP6, and the relevant departments should pay enough attention to prevent the occurrence of Legionnaires’ disease.