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[目的]分析不同工具重量和动作重复频次负荷(模拟拧螺丝次数)下持铆钉枪拧螺丝作业致腕部肌肉疲劳过程作业者血生化指标的变化情况。[方法]选取24名志愿者依据持枪重量(1、1.5和2 kg)随机分为3组,每组8人,各组均按5个频次负荷(0、90、135、180、225次)进行连续重复性模拟拧螺丝作业,每个频次负荷间隔5 min采血进行血生化指标的检测,包括乳酸(LA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)和钙离子(Ca2+)。同时调查局部肌肉主观疲劳分值(RPE)。[结果]志愿者平均年龄(24.80±1.27)岁、身高(174.72±4.25)cm、体重(68.92±6.08)kg,各项指标均具有同质性。RPE随重量负荷呈线性、随频次负荷呈四项式升高趋势(均P<0.000 1);血CK、Ca2+的变化在各重量负荷组间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);血CK、LDH、LA的变化在各频次负荷组间差异均具有统计学意义,且随频次负荷呈现升高趋势(P<0.05或P<0.01)。CK、频次负荷、RPE两两之间为中度正相关(r分别为0.630 1、0.812 1和0.589 6);LA与频次负荷和RPE为低度正相关(r分别为0.182 5和0.216 7)。CK、LDH、Ca2+3项血生化指标间均为中度正相关(r分别为0.329 5、0.501 5和0.434 2),均呈现先降后升的规律。[结论]CK、LDH、LA是反映肌肉疲劳灵敏有效的客观指标,适合评价低负荷重复性活动的疲劳进程。频次负荷、RPE和CK三者间存在较好的相关性和量效关系。重复频次是影响低负荷重复性活动疲劳的重要因素,合理安排工作对减缓疲劳有重要意义。
[Objective] To analyze the changes of blood biochemical indexes of operators who suffered from wrist muscle fatigue caused by the operation of rivet gun under different tool weights and repetitive frequency loads (simulated screwing times). [Methods] Totally 24 volunteers were randomly divided into three groups with a weight of 1, 1.5 and 2 kg, each with 8 persons in each group. Each group was loaded with 5 frequencies (0, 90, 135, 180, 225 ) For continuous and repetitive mimic screwing operation. Blood samples were collected for 5 min intervals at intervals of 5 min intervals for blood biochemical detection including lactate (LA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and calcium (Ca2 + ). Local subjective fatigue scores (RPE) were also investigated. [Results] The average age of volunteers (24.80 ± 1.27) years old, height (174.72 ± 4.25) cm, body weight (68.92 ± 6.08) kg, all indicators were homogeneous. RPE was linear with weight load and quadratic with frequency load (all P <0.000 1). The changes of blood CK and Ca2 + in each weight load group were statistically significant (P <0.05 or P < 0.01). The changes of blood CK, LDH and LA in each frequency load group were statistically significant, and increased with the frequency load (P <0.05 or P <0.01). There was a moderate positive correlation between CK, frequency load and RPE (r = 0.630, 0.8121 and 0.589 6, respectively); LA was positively correlated with frequency load and RPE (r = 0.182 5 and 0.216 7, respectively) . There was a moderate positive correlation between CK, LDH, Ca2 + 3 blood biochemical parameters (r = 0.329 5,0.501 5 and 0.434 2 respectively). [Conclusion] CK, LDH and LA are sensitive and effective indicators of muscle fatigue, which are suitable for evaluating the fatigue course of repetitive activities with low load. Frequency load, RPE and CK there is a good correlation between the three and dose-effect relationship. Repeated frequency is an important factor affecting the fatigue of low-load repetitive activities, and the rational arrangement of the work is of great significance to the reduction of fatigue.