日本曾经是最大的棉纺生产国和出口国 ,从 2 0世纪 50年代起在政府的直接参与下 ,进行了长达近 3 0年的调整过程。中国从 90年代初期开始压缩棉纺落后能力 ,1998、1999两年共压缩 90 6万锭 ,约占生产能力的近 1/4。对中日两国压缩棉纺能力的过程、采取的政策等进行比较 ,总结棉 Japan was once the largest cotton spinning producer and exporter. It has been undergoing a process of adjustment for nearly 30 years with the direct participation of the government since the 1950s. From the early 1990s, China began to compress the backward capacity of cotton spinning. In 1998 and 1999, a total of 960,000 spindles were compressed, accounting for nearly 1/4 of the total production capacity. To compare the process and policies adopted by China and Japan in compressing cotton spinning capacity, and to summarize cotton