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目的:探讨台山市学龄前儿童视力异常情况现状和影响因素。方法:选择2015至2016年台山市600例3~6岁学龄前儿童,应用美国伟伦公司视力筛查仪进行眼屈光度的检查,采用自行设计的视力异常影响因素调查表,由家长完成填写。结果:发生视力异常的学龄前儿童共156例(26.00%),视力异常的发生率与性别无关,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);视力异常发生率与年龄有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);散光的发生率要显著高于近视和远视,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析,影响学龄前儿童视力的因素包括胎龄、儿童出生时体质量、生活采光条件、父母视力情况和每天睡眠时间。结论:台山市学龄前儿童视力异常发生率较高,家长应重视学龄前儿童眼保健工作,培养儿童良好的生活习惯;保证充足的睡眠可以降低学龄前儿童视力异常发生。
Objective: To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of vision abnormalities in preschool children in Taishan City. Methods: A total of 600 preschoolers aged 3 ~ 6 years in Taishan City from 2015 to 2016 were selected to inspect the diopter of the eye with the Visionight Screening Instrument of the United States. The self-designed questionnaire of influencing factors of vision abnormalities was completed and completed by the parents. Results: There were 156 cases (26.00%) of preschool children with abnormal visual acuity. The incidence of visual acuity was not related to gender (P> 0.05). The incidence of visual acuity was related to age, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), the incidence of astigmatism was significantly higher than myopia and hyperopia, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that preschool children’s visual acuity included gestational age, body mass at birth, living and lighting conditions, parents’ eyesight and daily sleep time. Conclusion: Taishan preschool children have a higher incidence of visual acuity. Parents should pay attention to preschool children’s eye health care work and develop good habits of children. To ensure sufficient sleep can reduce preschool children’s visual acuity.