探究采用近红外漫反射光谱、荧光光谱和拉曼光谱技术,建立快速、准确鉴别天然靛蓝与合成靛蓝染色蚕丝织物的方法。在近红外漫反射光谱测试中,天然靛蓝染色蚕丝织物在940 nm、1 172 nm处有特征反射峰,而合成靛蓝染色蚕丝织物在940 nm、1 042 nm和1 240 nm处有特征反射峰;在拉曼光谱测试中,天然靛蓝染色蚕丝织物在1 573 cm~(-1)和189 cm~(-1)处有明显特征峰,而合成靛蓝染色蚕丝织物仅在1 573 cm~(-1)处有吸收峰;天然靛蓝染色蚕丝织物萃取液在发射波长为495 nm处有明显的荧光峰,而合成靛蓝染色蚕丝织物萃取液却没有出现荧光峰。研究结果表明,天然靛蓝染色蚕丝织物与合成靛蓝染色蚕丝织物或其萃取液在上述3种光谱中都存在可用于区分的特征峰,因此可通过这3种光谱技术快速、准确鉴别天然靛蓝染色蚕丝织物。 In this paper, a method for rapid and accurate identification of natural indigo and synthetic indigo-dyed silk fabrics was established by using near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. In the near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, the natural indigo-dyed silk fabrics showed characteristic reflections at 940 nm and 1 172 nm, while the indigo-dyed silk fabrics showed characteristic reflections at 940 nm, 1042 nm and 1 240 nm. In Raman spectroscopy, natural indigo-dyed silk fabrics showed obvious characteristic peaks at 1 573 cm -1 and 189 cm -1, while synthetic indigo-dyed silk fabrics showed only significant peaks at 1 573 cm -1 ). There was obvious fluorescence peak at 495 nm in the natural indigo-stained silk fabric extract, but no fluorescence peak was observed in the indigo-stained silk fabric extract. The results show that natural indigo-dyed silk fabrics and synthetic indigo-dyed silk fabrics or their extracts have characteristic peaks that can be distinguished in the above three kinds of spectra. Therefore, the three indigo-based techniques can be used to rapidly and accurately identify natural indigo-dyed silk Fabric.