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全面提高我国城乡居民的居住条件,是“全面小康社会”的重点内容之一。未来20年内,改善居民居住条件,不仅包括人均住房面积继续稳步增长,更重要的是大幅度提高居住质量、环境和品质等。建立小康社会居住指标的评价标准和发展目标,特别是提出清晰、明确的量化和定性标准,可为我国未来制定城市化政策和确定房地产业发展方向提供重要决策依据。本文的创新之处在于突破现有指标局限,根据国际上通用评价标准,结合我国国情,建立了一套可以反映全面居住水平的指标体系和评价方法,其中,城镇居住目标指标体系包括住宅数量、住宅质量与品质、住宅配套设施、居住环境与服务以及居住消费支出等五个方面16项指标;农村居住目标指标体系包括住宅数量、住宅质量及配套设施三个方面5 项指标。关键指标预测结果如下: 城镇人均住房建筑面积35平方米; 城镇最低收入家庭人均住房建筑面积大于20平方米; 农村人均住房建筑面积40平方米; 城镇住宅成套率95%; 农村钢混、砖混住宅结构比重94%; 城市供水普及率95%,用气普及率85%,污水处理率75%; 农村家庭安全可饮用水比率90%,家庭洗澡设施配套率50%; 城市人均公共绿地面积8平方米,居住消费支出比率25%。
To comprehensively improve the living conditions of urban and rural residents in China is one of the key contents of “an overall well-to-do society.” In the next 20 years, improving the living conditions of residents will not only include the steady growth of housing area per capita, but more importantly, the improvement of living quality, environment and quality. The evaluation criteria and development goals of building a well-to-do society living index, especially the clear and definite quantitative and qualitative standards, can provide important decision-making basis for China’s future urbanization policy and the direction of real estate development. The innovation of this paper is to break through the limitations of the existing indicators and set up a set of index system and evaluation method that can reflect the overall living standard according to the international common evaluation standards and the national conditions of our country. Among them, the urban residential target index system includes the number of houses, Residential quality and quality, residential facilities, living environment and services and living expenses and other five aspects of 16 indicators; rural residential target system includes indicators of residential number, residential quality and supporting facilities in three aspects. The predicted results of the key indicators are as follows: urban per capita housing construction area of 35 square meters; urban minimum income families per capita housing construction area of more than 20 square meters; rural per capita housing construction area of 40 square meters; urban residential package rate of 95%; rural steel, Residential structure proportion 94%; Urban water supply 95%, Gas coverage 85%, Sewage treatment rate 75%; Rural household safe drinking water ratio 90%, Family bathing facilities matching rate 50%; Urban per capita public green area 8 Sq m, living expenses ratio of 25%.