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目的：对卫生应急工作培训现状进行分析，运用胜任力理论对培训模式进行优化设计。方法对参加或组织过卫生应急工作培训的灾害医学相关从业者和专家学者121人进行问卷调查，调查培训方法、考核方法、培训的效果、影响培训的因素、培训对胜任力的影响。结果以往的培训方法以理论授课为主；考核模式以理论笔试和结业论文为主；培训效果有助于丰富受训人员的相关理论知识，但对提高能力、素质效果不明显；培训不能有效提高受训人员的胜任力；培训计划、培训模式、培训效果是影响培训工作的3个主成分。据此提出一个卫生应急培训直接关系概念模型。结论当前卫生应急培训对于提高受训人员胜任力的效果不明显，不能满足卫生应急工作的实际需要，作者提出的卫生应急培训直接关系概念模型应有助于提高培训效果。“,”Objective To investigate the current situation of health emergency training, and to optimize the relevant design based on the theory of competency training model. Methods 121 disaster medicine practitioners and experts who had organized or participated in relevant training were randomly selected to undergo qustionnaire survey to provide information on the training approaches, examination methods, effects of training, influencing factors of training, and influence of training on competency. Results The conventional training approach has been theory teaching, the eamination methods has been examination papers and graduation thesis. training did help to enrich the theoretical knowledge of the trainees, however, with little effect in improveing their practical ability and skills, thus failing to improve their competency.It had been shown that training plan, training pattern, and training effect are the three principal components affecting the training work. Based on the analysis, the authors had developed a conceptual model of direct relationships in health emergency. Conclusion The current situation of health emergency training is not satisfying. A newly developed conceptual model of direct relationships in health emergency based on competency theory is expected to improve health emergency training effects.