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目的:调查农村居民营养与慢性病知识知晓情况,分析影响知晓情况的相关因素,为探索适合农村居民的营养教育措施提供依据。方法:采用多阶段分层抽样,在吉林省选取了674名农村居民作为调查对象,进行面对面问卷调查。结果:农村居民基本性营养知识知晓情况尚可,专业营养知识知晓情况较差,慢性病知识知晓情况尚可。营养与慢性病知识总体得分为53.4±13.9。高中及以上文化程度者得分高于小学及以下以及初中文化程度者(P<0.001)。不同家庭年收入营养与慢性病知识得分不同,其中家庭年收入10 000元以下组得分高于家庭年收入20 000元以上组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别、年龄的营养与慢性病知识得分无统计学意义。结论:应根据农村居民文化程度等不同特征采取不同方式开展营养宣教,有针对性地指导农村居民科学合理安排饮食,促进农村居民身体健康水平的提高。
Objective: To investigate the status quo of knowledge of nutrition and chronic diseases in rural residents, analyze the related factors affecting the knowledge, and provide basis for exploring nutrition education measures suitable for rural residents. Methods: Using multi-stage stratified sampling, 674 rural residents were selected as survey subjects in Jilin Province for face-to-face questionnaires. Results: The knowledge of basic nutritional knowledge of rural residents was acceptable, the knowledge of professional nutritional knowledge was poor and the knowledge of chronic diseases was acceptable. Nutrition and chronic disease knowledge overall score was 53.4 ± 13.9. Those with high school education or above scored higher than primary school and below and had junior high school education (P <0.001). Different family annual income nutrition and chronic disease knowledge score, in which the family annual income of less than 10,000 yuan score higher than family annual income of more than 20,000 yuan, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Different gender, age of nutrition and chronic disease knowledge score was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Different ways should be adopted to carry out nutrition education according to different characteristics such as rural residents ’educational level, so as to guide rural residents to arrange scientific and reasonable diet and promote the improvement of rural residents’ health.