一、果树的菌根种类人类发现真菌与植物根系共生的菌根现象至今已有一百年历史;并逐步证明菌根对植物起着重要的营养作用。“菌根”就是植物感染有共生真菌的根;根组织与真菌共生形成“双重有机体”。所谓“共生”是真菌依赖绿色植物供给碳素能原维持生命,而植物依赖真菌从土壤中吸取养分。两者相互依存,而植物因有菌根而获得很大好处。现在已明确植物的菌根可分三类,即外生菌根、内生菌根和内外菌根。其中以内生菌根的分布最广,与农业关系密切,有经济意义。内生菌根又分为二类:一类是由菌丝具有隔膜的真菌所形成的菌根,包括子囊菌 First, the fruit tree mycorrhizal species Human discovery mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots symbiotic mycorrhizal phenomenon has been a hundred years of history; and gradually proved mycorrhizal plant plays an important nutritional role. “Mycorrhizal” is the root of plants infected with symbiotic fungi; root symbiosis with fungi to form “double organisms.” The so-called “symbiosis” is that fungi rely on the green plants to supply carbon energy to sustain life, while plants rely on fungi to absorb nutrients from the soil. The two are interdependent, and plants benefit greatly from their mycorrhizae. It is now clear that mycorrhizal plants can be divided into three categories, namely, ectomycorrhizal, endomycorrhizal and mycorrhizal roots. One of the most widely distributed endogenous mycorrhizal, and agriculture are closely related, economic significance. Endomycorrhiza is divided into two categories: one is mycorrhizal fungi formed by fungi with a septum, including ascomycetes