语境是语用学的基本概念,是指语言活动本身以外的各种因素。语境研究的发展有着悠久的历史。近几年来语言学家们从认知的角度研究语境,指出了传统语境的缺陷,提出了有别于传统语境观的认知语境。与传统语境不同,认知语境具有即时性和选择性的特点,是不断动态发展变化的。认知语境是在传统语境理论基础上的进步,揭示了语境理论发展的动态过程。 Context is the basic concept of pragmatics, refers to a variety of factors outside the language itself. The development of contextual research has a long history. In recent years, linguists have studied context from the perspective of cognition, pointed out the defects of traditional context, and proposed the cognitive context different from the traditional context. Different from the traditional context, the cognitive context has the features of instantaneity and selectivity. It is constantly changing dynamically. Cognitive context is the progress based on the traditional context theory, revealing the dynamic process of the development of context theory.