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目的 探讨近海石油作业人员社会心理因素与作业人员精神健康的关系。方法 采用横断面设计 ,自填式问卷 ,对 5 6 1名海上平台作业人员进行调查。调查内容包括 :职业紧张 ,A型行为性格 ,社会支持 ,应对措施和精神健康状况 (用 GHQ- 12测量 )。结果 5 6 1人的 GHQ平均得分为 [10 .17±4 .97(0～ 34) ]分。按 GHQ- 12判别标准 ,16 5人 (2 9.4 % )被确认为“精神状况差”。控制年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、海上工作年限和工种潜在混杂因素后 ,L ogistic回归分析表明 :“精神状况差”的危险因素是“没有耐心 /难于控制”趋向于 A型行为性格 ,并感受以下 7个与近海石油生产有较高关系的职业紧张因子。这 7个职业紧张因子是“工作与家庭 /社会生活”、“仕途与成就”、“人身安全感”、“工作中的管理问题及同事间的关系”、“工作环境中的物理因素”、“人体工效因素”和“组织结构”。结论 降低或消除工作中的职业紧张因素有利于促进近海石油作业人员的精神健康
Objective To explore the relationship between psychosocial factors and mental health of offshore oil workers. Methods A cross-sectional design and self-contained questionnaire were used to survey 566 offshore platform operators. Investigations include: job stress, type A behavioral personality, social support, coping strategies and mental health (measured with GHQ-12). Results The mean GHQ score of 5 6 1 people was [10 .17 ± 4 .97 (0-34)] points. According to the GHQ-12 criterion, 16 5 (2. 9.4%) were identified as “poor mental condition.” After controlling for age, education level, marital status, working life at sea and potential confounders of work types, L ogistic regression analysis showed that the risk factor of “poor mental condition” was “impatient / difficult to control” and tended to be A-type personality and felt The following seven occupational stressors have a high correlation with offshore oil production. The seven occupational stress factors are “Work and Family / Social Life”, “Career and Achievement”, “Personal Security”, “Management Issues at Work and Relationship among Colleagues”, “Physical Factors in Work Environment” “Ergonomic Factors” and “Organizational Structure.” Conclusion Reducing or eliminating occupational stress at work helps to promote the mental health of offshore oil workers