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指类句是指明一类事物某一特征的句子。指类句的工作定义是:以隐性全称判断的形式,相对于一定的语用需要,为指明一类事物的某一特征而作出的特设判断。有些指类句存在反例,而指类句的特点是容忍反例。一个挑战性的问题是:指类句为什么可以容忍处于矛盾关系的反例?这个问题的澄清,对于如何认识和刻画事物的特征和属性,进行规律性的陈述,至为重要,这些正是指类句研究的认知-语用意蕴。
A type sentence is a sentence that indicates a certain characteristic of a thing. The working definition of referring to clauses is: ad hoc judgments in the form of judgments of implicit fullness relative to certain pragmatic needs and for specifying a certain characteristic of a class of things. There are counterexamples in some class clauses, and the characteristic of class clauses is to tolerate counterexamples. A challenging question is: Why does it mean that class sentences can tolerate contradictions? The clarification of this question is of crucial importance in how to recognize and characterize the features and attributes of things and to make regular statements. Cognition of Sentence Study - Pragmatic Connotation.