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明清时期,商人阶层在整个社会中的地位不断上升,在此过程中,商妇作为一个特殊的群体,在此时承载着更多的社会角色和家庭角色。在商人长期在外经商的情况下,商妇究竟在多大程度上担负起家庭的责任,并且在哪些方面以及如何肩负起这样或那样的重任。本文试图从徽商妇在徽商家庭中扮演的角色来考察其相应的地位和作用,作一初步论述。在此研究过程中,我们认为单纯强调“男尊女卑”、女性家庭地位低下是有偏颇的,而应从具体历史事实而不是主流社会观念出发,正确地认识妇女在家庭中的实际角色与地位。
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the status of the merchant class in society as a whole continued to rise. In the process, the businesswomen, as a special group, carried more social and family roles at this time. To what extent a business woman is responsible for the family and where and how to shoulder one or the other of her responsibilities in the long run of business with a businessman. This paper tries to examine the corresponding status and function of Hui women’s merchants in Huizhou merchants’ family and make a preliminary discussion. In the course of this research, we think it is biased to emphasize “male superiority and inferiority” and low female family status. However, we should correctly understand the actual role and status of women in the family from the specific historical facts rather than mainstream social concepts.