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目的了解汽油添加剂甲基叔丁基醚（ＭＴＢＥ）对ＳＤ大鼠的亚慢性毒性。方法４０只雄性ＳＤ大鼠，体重１８０至２００ｇ，被随机分为４组。灌胃染毒，染毒剂量分别为１０００、６００、２００和０ｍｇｋｇ体重。每天１次，每周５ｄ，共１３周。染毒结束后对肝、肾、肺及睾丸等主要器官进行病理学观察，检测血清酶和蛋白水平及肝细胞色素Ｐ４５０的含量。结果各组动物未见体重减轻和异常行为改变，除６００及１０００ｍｇｋｇ剂量组动物肝、肾脏器系数明显增加外，未见ＭＴＢＥ对肝肾功能和其他血清酶有明显影响，光镜检查主要脏器也未发现明显病理改变。电镜检查发现，ＭＴＢＥ可引起肝细胞核浓缩，脂滴和溶酶体增多，滑面内质网断裂等。ＭＴＢＥ也可明显诱导大鼠肝细胞色素Ｐ４５０的明显升高。结论ＭＴＢＥ对ＳＤ大鼠具有一定的毒作用，肝细胞色素Ｐ４５０在ＭＴＢＥ的代谢中起着重要作用。
Objective To understand the subchronic toxicity of gasoline methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) to SD rats. Methods Forty male SD rats weighing 180 to 200 g were randomly divided into 4 groups. Gavage poisoning, exposure doses were 1000,600,200 and 0mg kg body weight. 1 day, 5 days a week for 13 weeks. After the treatment, the pathological changes of liver, kidney, lung and testis were observed. The levels of serum enzyme and protein and the content of cytochrome P450 were detected. Results No body weight loss and abnormal behavior were observed in all groups. No significant effect of MTBE on liver and kidney function and other serum enzymes was observed except for 600 and 1000 mg kg-1 animals. Organ also found no significant pathological changes. Electron microscopy found that MTBE can cause liver cell nuclear condensation, lipid droplets and lysosome increased, slip surface endoplasmic reticulum rupture. MTBE also significantly induced a marked increase of hepatic cytochrome P450 in rats. Conclusion MTBE has some toxic effects on SD rats, and cytochrome P450 plays an important role in MTBE metabolism.