The purpose of this study is to investigate the frequency of prostate cancer (Pea) discovered incidentally in radical eystoprostatectomy specimens in Asia and to determine the feasibility of prostate-sparing cystectomy (PSC) for Asian patients.Ninety-two male bladder cancer patients who underwent radical eystoprostatectomy at our center between January 2003 and January 2008 were included in this study.The mean age of patients was 67.1 years (range:32-75 years).Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and digital rectal examination (DRE) results before surgery were obtained retrospectively.Prostates of all patients were embedded and sectioned at 5-mm intervals.The same pathologist examined the prostatic tissues from radical cystoprostatectomy specimens.Finally,a structured literature review was performed using MEDLINE and PUBMED to estimate the occurrence of incidental Pea in Asia.Of the 92 patients,3 (3.3%) were found to have Pea;in one out of three (33.3%) patients the disease was clinically significant due to a Gleason grade 4 carcinoma.Eight articles were included in our review.The overall incidence of Pea discovered incidentally in radical cystoprostatectomy specimens in Asia was 9.9% (64/642).When age was restricted to＜60 years,only 7 out of 222 (3.2%)patients were found to have synchronous Pea,and none of the cases was clinically significant.The occurrence of Pea in radical eystoprostatectomy specimens in Asia is much lower than that in Western countries.PSC might be feasible for Asian patients under a strict preoperative selection.