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陆源的营养盐输入引起海洋中的富营养化，提高了水体中营养盐含量，改变了水体中营养盐比例，引起浮游植物水华甚至赤潮。水华发生时由于沿传统食物链的能流在浮游植物环节阻塞，能量过多地分配到微生物环，细菌大量繁殖分解有机物，导致水体缺氧，造成鱼虾贝类窒息死亡。围隔系统是物质相对守恒的系统，围隔与自然海水没有水交换，利用现场围隔实验可以定量地、系统地研究海洋生态系统对富营养化的响应。围隔实验现已成为全球海洋生态系统动力学研究的重要手段。
The input of nutrient from terrestrial sources causes the eutrophication in the ocean, increases the nutrient content in the water, changes the proportion of nutrients in the water body, and causes phytoplankton blooms and even red tides. When water bloom occurs, the energy flow along the traditional food chain blocks the phytoplankton and the energy is distributed to the microbial ring excessively. The bacteria multiply and decompose organic matter, causing the water body to be lack of oxygen, resulting in suffocation of fish and shrimp shellfish. The enclosing system is a relatively conserved system of matter. There is no water exchange between the enclosing and the natural sea water, and the site enclosing experiment can quantitatively and systematically study the response of the marine ecosystem to eutrophication. Enclosure experiments have now become an important means of global ocean ecosystem dynamics research.