We compared the ground-dwelling beetle assemblages under four scenarios in which transgenic Bt(Cry 1Ac) cotton(33B),transgenic Bt(Cry 1Ac)+CpTI cotton(SGK321),conventional cotton(33),conventional cotton(Shiyuan 321) in North China.During the survey in two years(2009-2010),24 ground beetle species were captured with pitfall traps in 20 plots which included five replicates for each cotton type.No significant difference was observed in the number of ground beetle species captured,activity density,evenness and Shannon-Wiener diversity among the four cotton varieties.Chlaenius posticalis was less abundant in transgenic Bt+CpTI cotton(SGK321) fields than its conventional cotton(Shiyuan 321),but more abundant in transgenic Bt cotton(33B) fields compared with its conventional cotton(33).There was no significant difference for other abundant species between in transgenic cotton and in conventional cotton fields.Based on non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS) analysis,ground-dwelling beetle assemblages were similar in transgenic and conventional cotton over the two years,but the ground-dwelling beetle assemblages in transgenic cotton 33 B significantly differed from that in the conventional cotton(strain 33) in 2010.No strong evidence that the transgenic cotton effect on ground-dwelling beetle assemblages was found in this study. We compared the ground-dwelling beetle assemblages under four scenarios in transgenic Bt (Cry 1Ac) cotton (33B), transgenic Bt (Cry 1Ac) + CpTI cotton (SGK321), conventional cotton North China. During the survey in two years (2009-2010), 24 ground beetle species were captured with pitfall traps in 20 plots which included five replicates for each cotton type. Significant difference was observed in the number of ground beetle species captured, activity density, evenness and Shannon-Wiener diversity among the four cotton varieties. Chenius posticalis was less abundant in transgenic Bt + CpTI cotton (SGK321) fields than its conventional cotton (Shiyuan 321), but more abundant in transgenic Bt cotton compared with its conventional cotton (33). There was no significant difference for other abundant species between in transgenic cotton and in conventional cotton fields. Based on non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis, ground-dwelling beetle a ssemblages were similar in transgenic and conventional cotton over the two years, but the ground-dwelling beetle assemblages in transgenic cotton 33 B significantly differed from that in conventional cotton (strain 33) in 2010. Not strong evidence that the transgenic cotton effect on ground -dwelling beetle assemblages was found in this study.