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目的研究终末期糖尿病肾病血液透析的临床特点及护理措施。方法 60例终末期糖尿病肾病患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组患者采取常规护理方法 ,观察组患者在常规护理的基础上采取自我能效干预的方法进行加强护理,对比两组患者的自我护理能力、血液透析期间并发症情况以及1年期存活率。结果护理后,观察组患者自我概念、自我责任感、自我护理技能、健康知识水平等自我护理能力评分均优于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血液透析期间,观察组患者并发症发生率为6.67%,低于对照组患者的26.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者1年期存活率为76.67%,高于对照组患者的46.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对终末期糖尿病肾病血液透析患者采取自我能效干预的方法加强护理,可明显改善患者生存质量,提高患者存活率,具有重要的临床意义。
Objective To study the clinical features and nursing measures of hemodialysis in patients with end stage diabetic nephropathy. Methods Sixty patients with end stage diabetic nephropathy were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 30 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing care. Patients in the observation group were given self-efficacy intervention on the basis of routine nursing care. The self-care ability, complications during hemodialysis and 1-year survival rate were compared between two groups. Results After nursing, the scores of self-care ability such as self-concept, self-responsibility, self-care skills and health knowledge in observation group were better than those in control group (P <0.05). During hemodialysis, the incidence of complication in observation group was 6.67%, which was lower than that in control group (26.67%, P <0.05). The 1-year survival rate in observation group was 76.67%, which was higher than that in control group 46.67% of patients in the group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Self-efficacy intervention to hemodialysis patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy may enhance nursing care, improve quality of life and improve patient survival rate, which is of important clinical significance.