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对外汉语教学中,词义辨析对于二语学习者汉语词汇的准确掌握具有重要意义,而易混淆词辨析则在词义辨析中占有举足轻重的地位。易混淆词的教学应从以汉语同义词词典为蓝本筛选辨析对象和全面比较的研究姿态中转变出来。教学前,易混淆词的提取应从中介语语料库出发,根据偏误确定易混淆词对或词群,全面分析产生混淆的原因,从语义、语法、语用三个视角进行详细辨析,而在教学中则需根据学生具体情况有所侧重地进行课堂辨析,避免不分主次地全面分析带来的理解上的困难。
In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, the analysis of the meaning of lexicon is of great significance to the accurate mastery of the L2 vocabulary of Chinese learners, while the analysis of the easy-to-confuse words occupies a pivotal position in the lexical analysis. The teaching of confusable words should be transformed from the research on the selection of the object of discrimination based on the Chinese synonym dictionary and the comprehensive comparison. Before the teaching, the confusion words should be extracted from the interlanguage corpus. According to the errors, it is easy to confuse the word pairs or word groups. The reasons for the confusion are analyzed comprehensively. The three aspects of semantic, grammar and pragmatics are analyzed in detail. In the students need to focus on the specific circumstances of the classroom analysis, to avoid a comprehensive analysis of primary and secondary regardless of the understanding of the difficulties.