本文通过对《沉沦》文本的深度分析,提出了小说的主人公“他”的悲剧是谁之罪的命题,并且通过民族、时代、性格和文化四个方面的分析,得出悲剧的复杂原因并非是以往所说的性格因素所致,而是综合以上四个主要因素,相互影响之下共同导致了主人公的自戕。这一结论也使“他”的悲剧形象和意义更加深广。 Through the deep analysis of the text of “Degradation”, this paper proposes the proposition of who the crime of the protagonist “he ” is, and draws the analysis of the four aspects of nationality, age, character and culture, The reason is not caused by the personality factors mentioned in the past, but the combination of the above four major factors. Under the influence of each other, the protagonists together lead to self-esteem. This conclusion also makes the tragedy image and meaning of “he” more extensive.