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分子梭作为分子机器的一种主要类型,大多是建立在主客体识别的基础上的,其在分子开关、分子逻辑门、信息存储等领域有着重要的潜在应用价值,是超分子化学领域的研究热点之一。本文介绍了分子梭的概念、原理,详细归纳了具有刺激响应型的分子梭。并且,按照外界刺激源的不同,将刺激响应型分子梭分为光驱动、p H驱动、氧化还原驱动以及多重驱动的分子梭。阐述了不同驱动方式的分子梭的结构特点、运动规律、研究进展及潜在应用,分析了刺激响应型分子梭目前面临的问题,并对其今后的发展趋势做了展望。
As one of the main types of molecular machinery, molecular shuttle is mostly based on the recognition of host and guest. It has important potential applications in molecular switches, molecular logic gates and information storage. It is a study in the field of supramolecular chemistry One of the hot spots. This paper introduces the concept and principle of molecular shuttle, and summarizes the molecular shuttle with stimulus response in detail. And, according to the different external stimuli, the stimuli-responsive molecular shuttle is divided into light driven, p H driven, redox driven and multi-driven molecular shuttle. The structural characteristics, movement rules, research progress and potential applications of molecular shuttle with different driving modes are expounded. The problems currently faced by stimulus-responsive molecular shuttle are analyzed, and the future development trend of molecular shuttle is prospected.