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目的评价加巴喷丁治疗维持性血液透析(MHD)患者皮肤瘙痒症的疗效及安全性。方法采用随机对照研究,选择顽固性皮肤瘙痒的MHD患者,随机分为试验组20例和对照组20例。试验组患者每周3次透析后晚间服加巴喷丁100～300mg,对照组服用安慰剂。4周后根据视觉模拟评分(VAS)进行疗效评价,同时观察不良反应。结果治疗组得分平均下降(6.0±2.6)分,安慰剂组平均下降(1.3±1.9)分。两组VAS得分下降程度有明显差异(P<0.01)。没有患者因药物副作用而中断治疗。结论加巴喷丁治疗顽固性尿毒症皮肤瘙痒症是安全和有效的。
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gabapentin in the treatment of pruritus in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods A randomized controlled study was conducted to select MHD patients with intractable pruritus and randomly divided into experimental group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). Patients in the test group received 100-300 mg of gabapentin three times a week after dialysis, and placebo in the control group. After 4 weeks, the visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the curative effect and the side effects were observed. Results The mean scores for the treatment group decreased (6.0 ± 2.6), compared with those for the placebo group (1.3 ± 1.9). VAS scores decreased significantly in both groups (P <0.01). No patient discontinued treatment due to drug side effects. Conclusions Gabapentin is safe and effective in the treatment of refractory uremic pruritus.