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实验所用泡沫酸FSH-1由氮气和无机酸、有机酸、发泡剂、稳泡剂及其他多种添加剂组成,目前在中原油田已获得广泛应用。采用具有规则网格孔隙通道的平面玻璃微观模型,研究泡沫酸的渗流特点,得到了20组温度(50~120℃)/压力(20~32MPa)条件下泡沫酸的气液比,包括上限、下限及适宜值范围,结果表明形成稳定的连续泡沫流所需的气液比随温度升高略有增大,随压力升高显著增大;考虑到酸的有效穿透深度,泡沫酸的适宜气液比约为0.68。采用平面玻璃仿真微观模型(及规则微观模型),研究了泡沫酸的渗流特性,观测到了以下机理:①泡沫酸在仿真模型中流动时不断发生泡沫破灭和再生,其中包括气泡缩颈分离、液膜分离、气泡变形分割、气泡破裂聚并等现象;②泡沫酸优先进入较大孔道,产生贾敏效应,起液流转向作用;③气液比较大时,泡沫酸以相同流量通过模型时的压差较大;④泡沫酸中气泡大小可以通过气液比进行控制,气液比降低时泡沫中气泡直径减小;⑤泡沫酸连续流过仿真模型可引起模型两端压差持续增大,在规则模型中不发生此现象。图5表1参2。
The experimental foam acid FSH-1 is composed of nitrogen and inorganic acids, organic acids, foaming agents, foam stabilizers and other additives. At present, FSH-1 has been widely used in Zhongyuan oil field. The microscopic model of flat glass with regular meshed pore channels was used to study the seepage characteristics of foamed acid. The gas-liquid ratio of foaming acid under 20 conditions of temperature (50 ~ 120 ℃) / pressure (20 ~ 32MPa) was obtained, including the upper limit, The results show that the gas-liquid ratio needed to form a stable continuous foam flow increases slightly with increasing temperature and increases with the increase of pressure. Taking into account the effective penetration depth of acid, the suitable foaming acid The gas-liquid ratio is about 0.68. The microscopic model of plane glass (and regular microscopic model) was used to study the seepage characteristics of foamed acid. The following mechanisms were observed: ① Foam burst and regeneration occurred continuously in the simulation model, including bubble necking, Membrane separation, the bubble deformation segmentation, such as the phenomenon of bubble rupture and aggregation; ② foam acid preferentially into the larger pore, resulting in Jiamin effect, the role of liquid flow steering; ③ gas-liquid ratio is relatively large, foam acid at the same flow through the model The pressure difference is larger; ④ bubble acid bubble size can be controlled by the gas-liquid ratio, the gas-liquid ratio decreases when the bubbles in the bubble diameter decreases; ⑤ continuous flow of foam acid simulation model can cause the pressure drop at both ends of the model continues to increase, This does not happen in the rule model. Figure 5 Table 1 reference 2.